{"id":4979,"date":"2015-02-18T09:19:16","date_gmt":"2015-02-18T09:19:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/?p=4979"},"modified":"2015-02-17T12:20:16","modified_gmt":"2015-02-17T12:20:16","slug":"the-integrity-of-the-image","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/?p=4979","title":{"rendered":"The Integrity of the Image"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>With the continuing debate over the disqualification of around 20% of the entries that reached the later stages of World Press Photo for excessive manipulation I think it is well worth reading the WPP&#8217;s Photo Research Project &#8216;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.worldpressphoto.org\/sites\/default\/files\/docs\/Integrity%20of%20the%20Image_2014%20Campbell%20report.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">The Integrity of the Image<\/a>&#8216; by Dr <em>David Campbell.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s a subject I&#8217;ve written about myself on various occasions, and tried to do so from the perspective of a working photographer, someone who does their own image processing in Lightroom and Photoshop.<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;ve always felt it&#8217;s basically a straightforward issue. The key concepts are integrity and intention, and my view can be summed up very briefly:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Correction &#8211; Fine; Emphasis &#8211; within limits; Alteration &#8211; Never.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Of course its a statement that requires interpretation, and back in 2010 I published my views on what was and wasn&#8217;t acceptable when processing an image. I think it bears repetition (with some minor changes and additions to clarify) :<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Always appropriate <\/strong>(as necessary)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dust removal (scratch etc removal from film<\/li>\n<li>level correction<\/li>\n<li>colour temperature correction<\/li>\n<li>exposure correction<\/li>\n<li>brightness correction<\/li>\n<li>minor contrast correction<\/li>\n<li>marginal cropping<\/li>\n<li>image rotation<\/li>\n<li>highlight removal<\/li>\n<li>image resizing<\/li>\n<li>image sharpening<\/li>\n<li>lens distortion and aberration correction<\/li>\n<li>image noise reduction<\/li>\n<li>Vignetting reduction\/removal<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Often appropriate<\/strong> (within limits)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Curve adjustment<\/li>\n<li>Local dodging<\/li>\n<li>Local burning<\/li>\n<li>flare removal<\/li>\n<li>local contrast adjustment<\/li>\n<li>perspective correction<\/li>\n<li>saturation \/ vibrancy adjustment (including conversion to black and white)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Sometimes appropriate<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Deliberate blurring\/pixellation of detail (eg where necessary to hide identity)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Seldom appropriate<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>radical cropping<\/li>\n<li>excessive vignetting<\/li>\n<li>colour toning<\/li>\n<li>graphic effects<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Never appropriate<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Content sensitive fill<\/li>\n<li>Removal or addition of important image elements<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Of course many of these require judgement as to what level of use is allowable. While it may be appropriate to emphasize some elements of an image and de-emphasize others, dodging or burning certainly shouldn&#8217;t eliminate them.<\/p>\n<p>Some photographers attempt to justify excessive manipulation (or colour casts etc) by saying that it was how they saw the image when they made it; its seldom an argument that convinces me; images have to be believable to the audience, and the techniques we use appropriate to the purpose.<\/p>\n<p>One aspect I&#8217;m pleased to see included in Campbell&#8217;s report, in his list he describes as a\u00a0 &#8216;general consensus&#8217;:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Photos cannot be staged, posed or re-enacted.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>As the report states:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>&#8220;This consensus applies most directly to news and documentary images. Our respondents noted that they generally regarded nature and sports images in the same way as news and documentary images. Fashion and staged portraits were a different matter altogether. In those genres, there were no policies, and in fashion especially the prevailing attitude was that anything goes and all is permitted.&#8221;<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>I&#8217;m all in favour of keeping &#8216;news&#8217; news, of keeping sports real and stuffed squirrels out of nature photography.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With the continuing debate over the disqualification of around 20% of the entries that reached the later stages of World Press Photo for excessive manipulation I think it is well worth reading the WPP&#8217;s Photo Research Project &#8216;The Integrity of the Image&#8216; by Dr David Campbell. It&#8217;s a subject I&#8217;ve written about myself on various &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/?p=4979\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">The Integrity of the Image<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-photo-issues"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4979"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4980,"href":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4979\/revisions\/4980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/re-photo.co.uk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}